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文章以商品化的颗粒状铝基锂吸附剂为研究对象，探讨其在察尔汗盐湖卤水中的锂吸附和提取性能。考察了吸附剂投加量、pH值和初始Li+浓度对锂吸附性能的影响，并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对吸附剂形貌进行了表征，评价其分离性能和循环稳定性。结果表明，当初始Li+浓度为170 mg/L、反应温度为30℃时，随着投加量的增加，Li+的吸附率从8.46%增至90.98%，且在pH值2～8范围内吸附能力受pH值变化的影响较小。SEM和XRD分析显示，吸附剂表面粗糙度较高，主要成分为锂铝层状氢氧化物。该吸附剂对Li+的分配系数(Kd=718.52)显著高于其他阳离子，且在20次循环使用后仍保持良好的吸附性能，吸附容量稳定保持在约4 mg/g。吸附动力学拟合结果表明，相较于准一级动力学，准二级动力学的拟合度更好，这表明化学吸附可能是吸附剂吸附Li+的主要速率限制步骤。吸附等温线分析表明，吸附过程是均相与非均相共同作用的结果。
Abstract：The article focuses on a commercial granular aluminum-based lithium adsorbent, investigating its lithium adsorption and extraction performance in the brine of Qarhan Salt Lake. The effects of adsorbent dosage, p H, and initial Li+ concentration on lithium adsorption performance were examined. The morphology of the adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD), and its separation performance and cyclic stability were evaluated. The results indicate that when the initial Li+ concentration was 170 mg/L and the reaction temperature was 30 ℃, the Li+ adsorption rate increased from 8.46% to 90.98% with an increase in adsorbent dosage. Additionally, the adsorption capacity was minimally affected by pH variations within the range of 2 to 8. SEM and XRD analyses revealed that the adsorbent has a high surface roughness and is primarily composed of lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxide. The distribution coefficient of the adsorbent for Li+(Kd = 718.52) was significantly higher than that for other cations. Moreover, the adsorbent maintained good adsorption performance after 20 cycles, with a stable adsorption capacity of approximately 4 mg/g. The adsorption kinetic fitting results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided a better fit compared to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, suggesting that chemical adsorption is likely the primary rate-limiting step in the Li + adsorption process. Adsorption isotherm analysis indicated that the adsorption process involves both homogeneous and heterogeneous interactions.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16026/j.cnki.iea.2025010026
中图分类号:TS396.5;TQ424
引用信息:
[1]吕龙,冀颖,朱晓峰,等.颗粒状铝基锂吸附剂在察尔汗盐湖卤水提锂中的应用[J].离子交换与吸附,2025,41(05):408-417.DOI:10.16026/j.cnki.iea.2025010026.
基金信息: