离子交换与吸附

仿生学是20世纪以来由生物学与技术科学快速发展形成的一门新兴交叉学科，涵盖自然科学、技术科学、工程科学、人文社会科学等众多领域，是解决人类面临的重大难题的有效途径之一。基于仿生学在各领域具有重要的理论价值与实践指导意义，笔者于2022年秋季学期面向天津大学本科生开设了全校公共选修课程《探秘仿生学》，旨在培养学生的仿生思维，帮助其拓宽学术视野，激发创新意识，并引导其将仿生思维应用于解决实际问题中。文章分析了开设《探秘仿生学》的必要性以及选修该课程学生的学科背景特征，探讨了不同教学模式的应用与教学效果，重点探索了公共选修课中项目式教学的实施路径，以及如何在教学中有效融入课程思政，以期为同类跨学科融合型公共选修课程的建设提供参考。

Biomimetics is a newly emerging interdisciplinary field that has developed rapidly since the 20 th century, resulting from the rapid advancement of biology and technological sciences. It involves various fields of natural sciences, technological sciences, engineering sciences, and humanities, and provides an effective means to solve major challenges. Based on the significant guiding implications of biomimetics in various areas, I set the elective course titled “Exploring Bionics” for undergraduate students at Tianjin University since 2022 to activate students' biomimetic thinking, broaden their perspectives, and stimulate their innovative consciousness, integrating biomimetic thinking into solving problems. Here, we analyzed the necessity of the course “Exploring Bionics” and characterized the backgrounds of the students who chose this course. At the same time, we discussed the application of different teaching models and their teaching effects, especially the exploration of how to conduct project-based teaching for public elective courses, and how to effectively incorporate ideological and political education into the curriculum, providing suggestions and inspiration for the establishment of relevant interdisciplinary public elective courses.