| 7 | 0 | 74 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
将印染废水中的盐与染料分离，不仅可以回收染料，而且有利于废水的后处理。文章首先采用相转化法制备聚丙烯腈(PAN)平板膜，然后以水解后的PAN膜(HPAN)为基膜，通过界面聚合反应制备疏松纳滤膜(LNMs)。结果表明，当铸膜液中PAN质量分数为15%、LiCl质量分数为2%时，制备得到的PAN膜性能最优。HPAN最优水解条件为50℃水解1 h，最优后处理参数为60℃热处理15 min。此条件下制得的LNMs的纯水通量为125 LMH·bar-1，对刚果红(CR)和亚甲基蓝(MB)的截留率>90%，对Na_2SO4和NaCl的截留率<15%，表现出对染料/盐分离的高选择性；LNMs对CR和Na_2SO4进料液在10 h内保持了稳定的分离效果；LNMs经过3次循环后，通量恢复率仍保持在88.8%，表现出优异的抗污染性能。
Abstract：The separation of salts and dyes from dyeing wastewater facilitated not only dye recovery but also subsequent wastewater treatment. In this study, a polyacrylonitrile(PAN) flat-sheet membrane was fabricated via phase inversion with a casting solution containing 15% PAN and 2% LiCl, and the hydrolyzed PAN membrane(HPAN) was prepared at 50 ℃ for 1 hour, and subsequently used as a substrate to fabricate loose nanofiltration membranes(LNMs) through interfacial polymerization and post-treatment at 60 ℃ for 15 min. The LNMs with high selectivity for dye/salt separation were obtained. The experimental results of dye/salt seperation with LNMs showed that pure water flux was 125 LMH·bar-1, the rejection ratio for both Congo Red(CR) and Methylene Blue(MB) was higher than 90% and the rejection ratio for both Na_2SO4 and NaCl was lower than 15%. The membranes maintained stable separation performance for CR/Na_2SO4 mixtures over 10 h of continuous operation. Furthermore, after three filtration cycles, the LNMs showed excellent antifouling properties with a flux recovery ratio of 88.8%.
1 Guo S,Wan Y,Chen X,et al.Loose nanofiltration membrane custom-tailored for resource recovery[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2021,409:127376.
2 Pei T F,Deng M,Ma C,et al.Loose nanofiltration membranes based on interfacial glutaraldehyde-amine polymerization for fast and highly selective dye/salt separation[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2022,450(2):138057.
3 Kong P,Sun Z S,Gui H,et al.Advances in the application of graphene oxide composite loose nanofiltration membranes for dye and salt separation[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering,2024,12(6):114278.
4 Al-Tohamy R,Ali S S,Li F H,et al.A critical review on the treatment of dye-containing wastewater:Ecotoxicological and health concerns of textile dyes and possible remediation approaches for environmental safety[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2022,231:113160.
5 Van der Bruggen B,Curcio E,Drioli E.Process intensification in the textile industry:The role of membrane technology[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2004,73(3):267-274.
6 Liu X F,Feng Y X,Ni Y X,et al.High-permeance Mg2+/Li+separation nanofiltration membranes intensified by quadruple imidazolium salts[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2023,667:121178.
7刘鹏,观姗姗,谷亚新,等.面向染料废水处理的高通量疏松型复合纳滤膜的制备试验[J].沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版),2021,37(2):378-384.
8 Sun W E,Zhang N,Li Q,et al.Bioinspired lignin-based loose nanofiltration membrane with excellent acid,fouling,and chlorine resistances toward dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2023,670:121372.
9樊华,王一雯,姜钦亮,等.高性能疏松纳滤膜的制备研究进展[J].工业水处理,2022,42(5):1-10.
10 Wu D H,Zhang C B,Zhu X K,et al.Weakly-negatively-charged loose nanofiltration membranes tailored by polyethyleneimine for dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Water Process Engineering,2024,68:106488.
11 Zhai M J,Peng H,Li K.High-performance loose nanofiltration membranes with excellent antifouling properties for dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2024,708:123028.
12计园火.碱水解聚丙烯腈浆粕的制备及其在活性炭纤维滤芯上的应用研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2023.
13李燕芬,刘元法,郭静,等.聚丙烯腈超滤膜的亲水改性及抗污染性能[J].大连工业大学学报,2020,39(6):449-454.
14王春奇,张雷,黄炎培,等.分子量对聚丙烯腈超滤膜的性能影响[J].中国塑料,2024,38(10):1-4.
15赵敏,郭岩锋,贾庆龙,等.接枝法改性聚丙烯腈纤维研究进展[J].精细石油化工,2025,42(1):61-65.
16 Qiu Z Y,Ji X F,He C J.Fabrication of a loose nanofiltration candidate from polyacrylonitrile/graphene oxide hybrid membrane via thermally induced phase separation[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2018,360:122-131.
17 Li S L,Guan Y X,Qin Y W,et al.An antifouling loose nanofiltration membrane prepared by cross-linking HPANultrafiltration membrane with zwitterionic polymer PEI-CA for efficient dye desalination[J].Desalination,2023,549:116354.
18 Yu H Y,Xu L,Luo Y P,et al.Preparation of highly permeable and selective nanofiltration membranes with antifouling properties by introducing the capsaicin derivative into polyamide thin selective layer by bidirectional interfacial polymerization[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2023,675:121569.
19 Liu T,Wang L L,Wang W L,et al.High-flux and chlorine-resistant nanofiltration membrane fabricated via phase inversion using polysulfone-b-polyglycerol hyperbranched block copolymer[J].Desalination,2024,575:117314.
20 Yu M,Ren T X,Jin X G,et al.Theoretical and experimental research of polyelectrolyte multilayer membrane prepared by layer by layer self-assembly[J].Desalination,2024,580:117561.
21 Xu N Y,Dou P J,Wen H,et al.In-situ growth of poly(m-phenylenediamine) in polyethylene (PE) matrix for nanofiltration membranes enabling outstanding selectivity of both mono-/di-valent ions and dyes/salt mixtures with enhanced water flux[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2024,328:124951.
22刘健淞,潘贵达,张峰,等.界面聚合法制备共价有机框架膜[J].化学进展,2025,37(5):686-697.
23 Zhao A A,Zhang M,Bao Y M,et al.Loose nanofiltration membrane constructed via interfacial polymerization using porous organic cage RCC3 for dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2022,664:121081.
24 Cheng J,Li Z Y,Bao X,et al.A novel polyester-amide loose composite nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt separation:The effect of long molecule on the interfacial polymerization[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2022,657:120675.
25 Mi Y F,Wang N,Qi Q,et al.A loose polyamide nanofiltration membrane prepared by polyether amine interfacial polymerization for dye desalination[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2020,248:117079.
26 Guo S,Chen X,Wan Y,et al.Custom-tailoring loose nanofiltration membrane for precise biomolecule fractionation:New insight into post-treatment mechanisms[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2020,12(11):13327-13337.
27吕晨伟.聚丙烯腈超滤膜的制备及改性研究[D].长春:长春工业大学,2018.
28尚尔慧,陈慧龄,贺苗苗,等.具有图灵结构的聚苯并咪唑耐溶剂纳滤膜的制备及性能[J].高等学校化学学报,2023,44(6):203-212.
29 Xu C,Shen X,Yang Y,et al.Turing structured nanofiltration membrane fabricated by sulfonated cellulose nanocrystals mediated interfacial polymerization for enhanced permeability separation performance[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2025,357:130112.
30 Li Q,Liao Z P,Fang X F,et al.Tannic acid assisted interfacial polymerization based loose thin-film composite NFmembrane for dye/salt separation[J].Desalination,2020,479:114343.
31 Wang X L,Xue Y X,Dong S Q,et al.Poly(caffeic acid) as interlayer to enhance nanofiltration performance of polyamide composite membrane[J].Desalination,2023,545:116168.
32 Wang Z M,Yuan S D,Wang D,et al.N-oxide zwitterionic-based antifouling loose nanofiltration membranes with superior water permeance and effective dye/salt separation[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2025,59(11):5856-5865.
33 Fu Y X,Wang S,Liu H Q,et al.Large-area clay composite membranes with enhanced permeability for efficient dye/salt separation[J].Membranes,2025,15(1):25.
34 Wu B,Li S L,Ullah N,et al.Highly hydrophilic loose nanofiltration membrane based on a novel diaminobenzamide monomer for efficient dye/salt separation[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2025,360:131005.
35 Liu Y,Liang S S,Qian Y H,et al.A loose nanofiltration membrane prepared by interfacial radical polymerization for dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2024,701:122751.
36 He J S,Wu H T,Ni F,et al.Mechanistic insight into developing a novel loose nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt separation by epigallocatechin gallate[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2023,318:123983.
37 Boo C,Wang Y K,Zucker I,et al.High performance nanofiltration membrane for effective removal of perfluoroalkyl substances at high water recovery[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2018,52(13):7279-7288.
38葛宇航.聚酰胺基疏松纳滤膜的制备及其在染料/硫酸钠分离中的应用研究[D].杭州:浙江理工大学,2023.
39 Kang Y,Jang J,Kim S,et al.PIP/TMC interfacial polymerization with electrospray:Novel loose nanofiltration membrane for dye wastewater treatment[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2020,12(32):36148-36158.
40 Ding C T,Zhang M M,Lyu B H,et al.Micropore engineering of polyamide loose nanofiltration membrane for efficient dye/salt separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2024,705:122932.
41 Gai W Q,Hu S A,Li Z Q,et al.Facilely prepare ultra-high molecular weight polypropylene loose nanofiltration membrane for efficient dye/salt separation[J].Desalination,2024,587:117928.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16026/j.cnki.iea.2026030191
中图分类号:X791;TQ051.893
引用信息:
[1]万嘉欣,胡宇浩,顾文轩,等.用于处理印染废水疏松纳滤膜的制备及分离性能研究[J].离子交换与吸附,2026,42(03):191-205.DOI:10.16026/j.cnki.iea.2026030191.
基金信息:
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划（项目号202410081054）
2026-06-20
2026-06-20